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<\/p>\nPregnancy is a dynamic physiological condition accompanied by several transient changes. These changes can manifest as various physical signs and symptoms that affect the health, perception, and interaction of the patient with the surrounding individuals. Patients may not always comprehend the adaptive mechanisms of their body in relation to the fetal health.<\/p>\n
A pregnant woman during this period requires various forms of support, such as medical care or intervention, preventive care, and physical and emotional assistance.<\/p>\n
Dental management of pregnant patients requires special attention. For example, dentists may delay certain elective procedures to coincide with periods of pregnancy that are dedicated to fetal maturation rather than organogenesis. In other cases, dental health professionals should modify their usual medicinal approaches to meet the patient’s needs while considering the requirements of the fetus.<\/p>\n
The application of primary preventive dentistry principles at the primary level will expand the scope of prenatal care. Dentists should encourage all patients of reproductive age to seek oral health consultation and examinations as soon as they become aware of their pregnancy.<\/p>\n
This article has examined some of the physiological changes and oral lesions associated with pregnancy and how these changes can impact the patient’s dental care.<\/p>\n
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The hormonal storm caused by pregnancy brings about changes in the mother’s body, and the oral cavity is no exception. A 10-fold increase in the secretion of the female sex hormone estrogen and a 30-fold increase in progesterone, another female sex hormone, are essential for the natural progression of pregnancy. The increased hormonal secretion and fetal growth induce numerous systemic and localized physiological and physical changes in a pregnant woman. The main systemic changes occur in the cardiovascular, hematological, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and urogenital systems.<\/p>\n
The localized physical changes occur in various parts of the body, including the oral cavity. These overall changes may pose various challenges in providing dental care for pregnant patients. Therefore, understanding the physiological body changes and the effects of dental radiations and medications used in dentistry for pregnant women, lactating mothers, and fetuses is essential for managing the condition of pregnant and lactating mothers.<\/p>\n
Pregnant women may develop systemic disorders such as respiratory problems, including dyspnea (in 60-70% of pregnant women), hyperventilation, snoring, upper chest breathing pattern, and chest wall expansion, as well as rhinitis (nasal mucosal inflammation). Additionally, hemodynamic changes occur, such as an increase in coagulation factors V, VII, VIII, X, and XII, a decrease in factors XI and XIII, and an increase in fibrinolytic activity to compensate for the tendency towards blood clotting.<\/p>\n
Gastrointestinal changes include increased intragastric pressure and decreased lower esophageal sphincter tone, which are caused by the suppression of motilin hormone production due to the increased progesterone concentration during this period. This leads to heartburn (acidity) in 30 to 70 percent of pregnant women and nearly doubles the gastric emptying time compared to non-pregnant women. Nausea and vomiting are experienced by 66 percent of pregnant women, which starts approximately 5 weeks after the last menstrual period and peaks at 8 to 12 weeks.<\/p>\n
In this regard, morning dental appointments should be canceled by pregnant women with a greater tendency for pregnancy-induced vomiting. Renal changes include increased renal perfusion, especially in the second half of pregnancy, leading to increased drug excretion in urine.<\/p>\n
During pregnancy, oral and dental health is very important and has a direct impact on fetal health. Before pregnancy, it is recommended to visit and ensure the health of your teeth. During pregnancy, oral and dental care includes brushing, using fluoride toothpaste, flossing, and using mouthwash. If you need dental treatment, it is better to have it done before pregnancy.<\/p>\n
During pregnancy, hormonal changes can lead to oral and dental problems. Examination and assessment of oral and gingival health is important, as it may lead to tooth decay, infections, and pain. Therefore, maintaining oral and dental hygiene during pregnancy is very important.<\/p>\n
In the second trimester, necessary dental treatments such as tooth fillings, root canal treatments, and even tooth extractions can be performed. From the third trimester onwards, due to decreased tolerance and the size of the fetus, oral and dental care may be more difficult.<\/p>\n
In general, pregnant mothers should pay attention to their oral and dental health to also prioritize the health of themselves and their fetus.<\/p>\n
Dental care is very important during pregnancy, and Dental Land dental clinic can provide you with comprehensive counseling. These care measures help the health of the mother and the fetus. Let’s examine the various dental issues during pregnancy:<\/p>\n
1. Dentistry in the first trimester of pregnancy:
\n– During this period, the mother can visit the doctor.
\n– It is better to avoid taking any medication and undergoing dental treatments, as the main organs of the fetus are forming during this period.
\n– Avoid using radiological (X-ray) imaging on the mother’s body until week 13 of pregnancy.<\/p>\n
2. Dentistry in the second trimester of pregnancy:
\n– This period is the best time for dental work.
\n– If necessary, visiting the doctor is sufficient.<\/p>\n
3. Dentistry in the third trimester of pregnancy
\n– In this period, visiting the doctor is also sufficient if necessary.
\n– If the tooth has mild, intermittent nocturnal pain or sensitivity to cold, heat, pressure, and impact, it is better to consult a dentist.<\/p>\n
At every stage, maintaining oral and dental hygiene, regular use of dental floss, brushing with fluoride toothpaste, and using appropriate mouthwash to control plaque and tartar buildup on the teeth are very important.<\/p>\n
During pregnancy, oral and dental care is very important. These care measures include the following:<\/p>\n
Brushing:<\/strong> Brush your teeth at least twice a day. Use soft-bristled toothbrushes with a small head. Treat. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can lead to oral and dental problems. Examination and assessment of oral and gum health is important, as it can lead to tooth decay, infections, and pain.<\/p>\n In the second trimester of pregnancy, essential dental treatments such as fillings, root canal therapy, and even tooth extraction can be performed. From the third trimester onwards, due to decreased tolerance and the growing size of the fetus, oral and dental care may become more challenging.<\/p>\n \t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
\nUse of fluoride-containing toothpaste:<\/strong> Choose a toothpaste that contains fluoride. This substance helps strengthen the tooth enamel.
\nUse of dental floss:<\/strong> Move the dental floss between your teeth daily to remove debris and residues.
\nUse of mouthwash:<\/strong> Use antibacterial mouthwashes according to the instructions.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t